1. Streaming (Listening online)
This is the most common model currently. It allows the user to stream music without having to download it.
Some services offer a temporary offline download option , but this is not a permanent file download , but rather a feature associated with the subscription.
Examples : Spotify, Deezer, Tidal, Apple Music (offline mode).
2. Limited Download
A limited download means the digital file can be downloaded to a device, but with specific restrictions. There are two subtypes:
By time : the file can only be played for a certain period (e.g. 30 days).
Per use : the file can be played a limited number of times (e.g. 20 plays).
This type of download is typically used on subscription services with copyright protection measures.
3. Permanent Download
This is an individual sale where the user pays for the right to download and store the audio file indefinitely.
The file can be played offline without restrictions.
This model remains in place, especially for buyers who prefer digital ownership of their content.
Examples : Bandcamp, Beatport, Juno Download.
4. Digital Services on Demand (Pay-per-download)
They allow users to purchase songs or albums individually , without the need for a monthly subscription. It's a direct transactional model.
Pay per download → Get the file permanently.
Ideal for users who want to collect or support artists with direct purchases.
Examples : Apple iTunes, Amazon MP3.